Flame Retardants
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Category：Chemical Additives Own Brand：MT /MOQ:100KG /From China/ B2B only.
Introduction
Flame Retardants: Mechanisms of Action
Flame retardants prevent or inhibit the physical and chemical changes in the combustion process of polymer materials. These effects are reflected in the following aspects:
1. Heat Absorption Effect
- Flame retardants decompose endothermically, absorbing heat from the combustion zone.
- Examples: Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) release water vapor upon decomposition, cooling the material.
2. Covering Effect
- A protective char or glassy layer forms on the polymer surface, shielding it from oxygen and heat.
- Examples: Phosphorus-based flame retardants promote char formation.
3. Dilution Effect
- Non-combustible gases (e.g., CO₂, H₂O, N₂) are released, diluting flammable gases and oxygen.
- Examples: Nitrogen-based flame retardants (e.g., melamine) release inert gases.
4. Inhibition Effect (Gas-Phase Radical Quenching)
- Flame retardants release free radical scavengers (e.g., Cl·, Br·) that interrupt the combustion chain reaction.
- Examples: Halogenated flame retardants (e.g., decabromodiphenyl ether) interfere with the fire cycle.
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