WET PAPER STRENGTH RESINS
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Category：Paint chemicals Own Brand：MT /MOQ:100KG /From China/ B2B only.
Introduction
Wet paper strength resins can improve the binding strength between fibers and reduce paper surface’s electrical charge. At the same time, they can improve absorption of the long fibers and thereby enhancing paper’s wet strength and drainage. Wet paper strength resins also prevent pilling or the generation of fine particles on the paper surface. They are widely used in household paper products, such as napkin, make-up remover wipes, paper towel, and special paper.
Wet Paper Strength Resins: Properties and Applications
Table 1: Common Types of Wet Strength Resins
| Resin Type | Chemical Composition | Activation Mechanism | pH Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Polyamide-epichlorohydrin (PAE) | Modified polyamide with epichlorohydrin | Heat curing | 4-9 |
| Urea-formaldehyde (UF) | Condensation polymer of urea and formaldehyde | Acid curing | 1-5 |
| Melamine-formaldehyde (MF) | Condensation polymer of melamine and formaldehyde | Acid curing | 1-5 |
| Glyoxalated polyacrylamide (GPAM) | Polyacrylamide with glyoxal crosslinker | Heat/alkaline curing | 6-9 |
| Polyethylenimine (PEI) | Branched polyamine polymer | Heat curing | 3-10 |
Table 2: Performance Comparison of Wet Strength Resins
| Property | PAE | UF | MF | GPAM | PEI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wet Strength Efficiency | High | Medium | High | Medium | High |
| Dry Strength Contribution | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Alkaline Resistance | Good | Poor | Fair | Good | Excellent |
| Retention Rate (%) | 80-95 | 60-80 | 70-85 | 75-90 | 85-98 |
| Formaldehyde Content | None | High | High | None | None |
Table 3: Application Guidelines
| Paper Grade | Recommended Resin | Dosage (% on pulp) | Curing Conditions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tissue | PAE/GPAM | 0.2-0.8% | 90-110°C, 30-60 sec |
| Packaging | PAE/MF | 0.5-1.5% | 110-130°C, 1-3 min |
| Filter | PEI/MF | 1.0-2.0% | 120-150°C, 2-5 min |
| Label | GPAM/UF | 0.3-1.0% | 100-120°C, 1-2 min |
| Board | PAE/UF | 0.8-2.0% | 110-140°C, 2-4 min |
Table 4: Advantages and Limitations
| Resin Type | Key Advantages | Main Limitations |
|---|---|---|
| PAE | Formaldehyde-free, good dry strength | Higher cost, AOX concerns |
| UF | Low cost, fast curing | Formaldehyde release, poor wet strength |
| MF | Better wet strength than UF | Formaldehyde release, yellowing |
| GPAM | No formaldehyde, alkaline compatible | Lower wet strength than PAE |
| PEI | Excellent retention, broad pH range | Very high cost, viscosity issues |
Table 5: Environmental and Safety Considerations
| Parameter | PAE | UF/MF | GPAM | PEI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOX Formation Potential | Medium | None | None | None |
| BOD/COD Impact | Low | Medium | Low | Medium |
| Toxicity | Low | Medium (formaldehyde) | Low | Low |
| Biodegradability | Partial | Poor | Partial | Poor |
| Worker Protection Needed | Minimal | Required (formaldehyde) | Minimal | Minimal |
Wet strength resins are essential additives for paper products requiring durability in moist conditions. PAE resins dominate the market due to their balance of performance and environmental profile, though UF/MF resins remain cost-effective options where formaldehyde is acceptable. The choice depends on paper grade, production conditions, and environmental requirements.
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