Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Tulathromycin is a newly marketed and animal-specific semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. Teramycin is mainly used for respiratory diseases of pigs and cattle caused by Actinobacteria, Mycoplasma, Pasteurella, and Haemophilus.

Molecular Formula: C41H79N3O12

Molecular Weight:806.079

CAS No.: 217500-96-4

Description

Tulathromycin is a white or almost white crystalline powder. It is freely soluble in methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate; soluble in ethanol.

Application

Tulathromycin is a newly marketed and animal-specific semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. Teramycin is mainly used for respiratory diseases of pigs and cattle caused by Actinobacteria, Mycoplasma, Pasteurella, and Haemophilus. It has many advantages, such as low dosage, one-time administration, low residue and animal specific use. In China, tylosin and tilmicosin are widely used as macrolide drugs. Although these two drugs have achieved good results in production, with the extension of use time, drug resistance of different degrees appears in many areas, resulting in the increasing dosage, but the therapeutic effect is gradually decreasing, The efficacy of telamycin was better than that of tylosin and tilmicosin. Therefore, the application prospect of telamycin in livestock and poultry production is very broad, and the research on its residue analysis method is particularly necessary.

Packing

25kg/drum or as customer’s requirements.

Storage

Preserve in well-closed , protect from light, store at below 25℃.

Minimum Order

One package

Tulathromycin Introduction

Item	Details
Basic Information	Tulathromycin, with the CAS number 217500 – 96 – 4. is a semi – synthetic macrolide antibiotic. Its chemical formula is C₄₈H₇₉N₅O₁₄. It appears as a white to off – white powder. It has relatively good solubility in water, which is beneficial for formulating it into injectable solutions for veterinary use. The unique chemical structure of tulathromycin contributes to its pharmacokinetic properties, such as its long – lasting action in the body.
Pharmacological Action	Tulathromycin acts by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. Similar to other macrolides, it inhibits the elongation of the polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. It interferes with the translocation step, preventing the ribosome from moving along the messenger RNA, thus disrupting bacterial protein synthesis and inhibiting bacterial growth. It has a broad – spectrum antibacterial activity. Against Gram – positive bacteria, it is effective against Streptococcus species, including Streptococcus suis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Against Gram – negative bacteria, it shows activity against Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Histophilus somni, which are common pathogens in livestock. It also has activity against mycoplasmas, such as Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
Clinical Applications	1. Veterinary Medicine – Bovine Infections: – In cattle, it is widely used to treat respiratory tract infections. It can effectively combat bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), which is often caused by a combination of bacteria and mycoplasmas. For example, it can target Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Mycoplasma bovis, which are major causative agents of BRDC. 2. Veterinary Medicine – Porcine Infections: – In pig farming, tulathromycin is used to treat respiratory infections. It can treat porcine enzootic pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. It can also be used to combat infections caused by Streptococcus suis, which can cause various diseases in pigs, including meningitis, arthritis, and respiratory problems. 3. Veterinary Medicine – Poultry Infections: – In poultry, it is used to treat respiratory infections caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum. It helps in reducing the severity of respiratory symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, and nasal discharge in chickens and turkeys.
Adverse Reactions	1. Local Injection – Site Reactions: When administered by injection, tulathromycin can cause local injection – site reactions. This may include swelling, pain, and in some cases, tissue necrosis. The injection – site reactions are usually more pronounced at higher doses. 2. Gastrointestinal Effects: In animals, it can cause gastrointestinal upset, including diarrhea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. These symptoms are due to the drug’s effect on the normal gut flora and direct irritation of the gastrointestinal mucosa. 3. Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions can occur in animals, ranging from mild rashes, itching, and hives to severe anaphylactic shock. Animals with a history of allergic reactions to macrolide antibiotics are at a higher risk. 4. Cardiovascular Effects: Although less common, there are reports of potential cardiovascular effects in some animals. These may include changes in heart rate and blood pressure, but the overall risk of severe cardiovascular problems is relatively low compared to the cardiotoxicity seen with some other macrolides like tilmicosin in ruminants.
Drug Interactions	1. With Other Macrolide Antibiotics: Concurrent use with other macrolide antibiotics may lead to overlapping effects and an increased risk of side effects, such as gastrointestinal disturbances. However, compared to tilmicosin, the risk of severe cardiotoxicity is not as prominent when combined with other macrolides. 2. With Calcium – containing Compounds: Similar to tilmicosin, calcium – containing compounds, such as calcium – rich feeds or supplements, can chelate with tulathromycin, reducing its absorption. It is recommended to avoid administering tulathromycin with calcium – containing substances. 3. With Some Antacids: Antacids may affect the absorption of tulathromycin by altering the pH of the gastrointestinal tract. It is advisable to separate the administration of tulathromycin and antacids by a certain time interval.
Special Population Considerations	1. Pregnant and Lactating Animals: The use of tulathromycin in pregnant and lactating animals should be carefully considered. Although the exact risk to the fetus or nursing offspring is not fully understood, the potential for adverse effects, such as gastrointestinal problems and injection – site reactions, may pose a risk. In some cases, alternative antibiotics may be preferred. 2. Young and Elderly Animals: Young animals may be more sensitive to the adverse effects of tulathromycin due to their immature organ function. Elderly animals may also be at a higher risk, especially for gastrointestinal effects and injection – site reactions, as their physiological function may be declining. 3. Ruminants: While ruminants can be treated with tulathromycin, special care should still be taken. Although the cardiotoxicity risk is lower compared to tilmicosin, close monitoring for any adverse effects, especially at the injection site and in terms of gastrointestinal function, is necessary.
Differences from Tilmicosin Phosphate	1. Spectrum of Activity: While both drugs target Gram – positive bacteria and mycoplasmas, tulathromycin has a broader spectrum as it also shows significant activity against certain Gram – negative bacteria like Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Histophilus somni, which tilmicosin does not target as effectively. 2. Cardiotoxicity Risk: Tilmicosin phosphate has a well – known high risk of cardiotoxicity, especially in ruminants. In contrast, tulathromycin has a relatively lower risk of severe cardiovascular effects. However, tulathromycin still has potential cardiovascular effects that need to be monitored. 3. Formulation and Administration: Tilmicosin phosphate is available in various forms including oral solutions, injectable solutions, and premixes for feed. Tulathromycin is mainly formulated as an injectable solution. The mode of administration can affect the onset and duration of action, as well as the potential for local side effects. For example, the injection – site reactions may be more common and severe with tulathromycin due to its mainly injectable – only formulation.

 

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