Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Molecular Formula： C12H15Cl2NO5S

Molecular Weight： 356.2

CAS No.: 15318-45-3

It is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial drug. Its antibacterial spectrum and antibacterial effect are basically similar to that of chloramphenicol. It has strong antibacterial activity. The resistance of bacteria to Thiamphenicol occurs slowly and has complete cross resistance with chloramphenicol. Thiamphenicol also has a strong immunosuppressive effect (about 6 times stronger than chloramphenicol), which can inhibit the synthesis of immunoglobulins and the production of antibodies.

Description:It is white crystalline powder; Odorless. It is easily soluble in dimethylformamide, slightly soluble in absolute ethanol and slightly soluble in water.

Application:For the infection of respiratory system, hepatobiliary system, urinary system and digestive system caused by influenza bacilli, Escherichia coli and Salmonella that are sensitive to this product. It also has certain curative effect on typhoid, paratyphoid and brucellosis; Also used for gonorrhea and gonococcal urethritis.

Packing and Storage:Preserve in an airtight container, protected from light.

Thiamphenicol: A Veterinary Antibiotic

Thiamphenicol is an important antibiotic used in veterinary medicine for treating various bacterial infections in animals.

1. General Information

Aspect	Details
Classification	Amphenicol – type antibiotic
Source	Synthetically derived
Formulation	Available as powders, premixes for feed, soluble powders for drinking water, and injectable solutions
Solubility	Slightly soluble in water. Special formulations are developed to improve its solubility and bioavailability for different routes of administration in animals

2. Mechanism of Action

Action	Explanation
Inhibition of Protein Synthesis	Thiamphenicol binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of bacteria. It blocks the peptidyl transferase activity, which is essential for the formation of peptide bonds during protein synthesis. By preventing the addition of new amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain, it inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. This leads to the disruption of normal bacterial metabolic functions and ultimately cell death.
Selective Activity	It has a broad – spectrum antibacterial effect, targeting both Gram – positive and Gram – negative bacteria. The unique binding site on the ribosome of these bacteria allows thiamphenicol to exert its inhibitory action. However, its antibacterial spectrum may vary slightly compared to some other amphenicol – type antibiotics.

3. Clinical Applications and Considerations

Category	Details
Applications	– Treating respiratory tract infections in poultry, such as those caused by Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, and Mycoplasma gallisepticum. – Used to control enteric infections in livestock. For example, it can be used to manage diarrhea in piglets caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli. – Employed in aquaculture to treat bacterial diseases in fish, like Aeromonas hydrophila infections.
Considerations	– Overuse can contribute to the development of antibiotic – resistant bacteria. Strict compliance with proper dosage and treatment duration as prescribed by veterinarians is crucial. – Prolonged or high – dose use may cause bone marrow suppression in some animals, although the incidence is relatively low compared to its predecessor, chloramphenicol. Monitoring of blood parameters may be necessary during long – term treatments. – Caution is needed when using it in combination with other drugs. There may be potential drug – drug interactions, especially with drugs that also affect protein synthesis or have similar metabolic pathways.

Thiamphenicol plays a significant role in maintaining the health and productivity of livestock, poultry, and in aquaculture by effectively treating bacterial infections.

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