sodium formate (chemistry)
Pharmaceutical Materials 2025-03-02
Chemical Name: Sodium Formate
Molecular Formula: HCOONa
Molecular Weight: 68.01 g/mol
Appearance: White crystalline or powdery solid
Solubility: Soluble in water and glycerol, slightly soluble in ethanol
Usage: Widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, and textile industries.
Sodium formate, also known as sodium methanoate, is an organic compound with the chemical formula HCOONa. It exists as a white crystalline powder with a slight formic acid odor. Sodium formate is widely used in various industries due to its versatile properties. It serves as an intermediate in the production of formic acid, oxalic acid, and sodium dithionite. Additionally, it is used as a reducing agent, catalyst, and stabilizing agent in the pharmaceutical and textile industries. Its preparation typically involves the reaction of carbon monoxide with sodium hydroxide under pressure and temperature control.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | HCOONa |
| CAS Number | 141-53-7 |
| Physical Properties | – |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Odor | Slight formic acid odor |
| Density | 1.92 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | ≥253°C |
| Boiling Point | 360°C |
| Chemical Properties | – |
| Solubility | Soluble in water and glycerol, slightly soluble in ethanol and octanol, insoluble in ether |
| pH of Aqueous Solution | Alkaline |
| Stability | Decomposes to hydrogen, sodium oxalate, and subsequently sodium carbonate upon heating |
| Reactivity | Reacts with strong acids |
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