Propyl Gallate
Food Additives 2025-03-02
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Propyl Gallate |
| Synonyms | PG, 3.4.5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester |
| CAS Number | 121-79-9 |
| Formula | C10H12O5 |
| Molecular Weight | 212.199 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to light yellowish crystalline powder |
| Melting Point | 146-150°C |
| Boiling Point | 448.6°C at 760 mmHg |
| Density | Approximately 1.4 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water, soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, etc. |
| Function | Food antioxidant |
| Applications | Used in edible oils, fats, fried foods, dried fish products, bakery goods, and canned meats |
| Safety | Low toxicity; ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) set by FAO/WHO |
| Stability | Sensitive to heat and light; may decompose at melting point |
| Production Method | Synthesized through esterification of gallic acid with propyl alcohol |
Propyl Gallate (PG), also known as 3.4.5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester, is a commonly used food antioxidant. With a CAS number of 121-79-9 and a molecular weight of 212.199 g/mol, it appears as a white to light yellowish crystalline powder. It has a melting point of 146-150°C and a boiling point of 448.6°C at 760 mmHg. Propyl Gallate is slightly soluble in water but soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, and other solvents.
As a food antioxidant, Propyl Gallate is widely used in edible oils, fats, fried foods, dried fish products, bakery goods, canned meats, and other foods. It is approved for use by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), with an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) set by these organizations. However, it is sensitive to heat and light and may decompose at its melting point. Propyl Gallate is synthesized through the esterification of gallic acid with propyl alcohol.
