Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Catalog ID 80020375

CAS NO.51-15-0

Purity 98%

MDL NumberMFCD00011981

EINEC Molecular Formula C7H9ClN2O

Molecular Weight 172.6122

Melting point: 230°C

Category	Information
Chemical Properties	– Molecular Formula: C₇H₈ClNO₂<br>- Molecular Weight: 167.6 g/mol
Physical Properties	– Appearance: White to off-white powder<br>- Melting Point: 150-155°C
Mechanism of Action	– Pralidoxime chloride is a cholinesterase reactivator that works by binding to the anionic site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and displacing the organophosphate (OP) molecule.<br>- It forms a complex with the OP molecule, which then hydrolyzes, thus restoring the active site of AChE.<br>- Pralidoxime primarily acts on nicotinic receptors, relieving symptoms like muscle weakness and fasciculations.
Clinical Uses	– Organophosphate Poisoning: Used as an antidote for poisoning by organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents.<br>- Nerve Agent Poisoning: Approved as an antidote for nerve agents like sarin, tabun, soman, and cyclosarin.<br>- Myasthenia Gravis: Used to manage overdose of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors prescribed for myasthenia gravis.
Administration	– Route: Intravenous (IV) infusion or intramuscular (IM) injection.<br>- Dosage: Typically administered as a loading dose of 1-2 g IV over 15-30 minutes, followed by continuous infusion if needed.<br>- Pediatric and Geriatric Use: Doses are similar to adults, but caution is advised in elderly patients with renal insufficiency.
Contraindications	– Contraindicated in carbamate-induced toxicity (except for carbaryl).<br>- History of prior drug allergy to pralidoxime.
Monitoring	– Plasma concentration of 4 mg/L is necessary to protect AChE against OP compounds.<br>- Continuous infusion is recommended to maintain therapeutic levels.<br>- Renal function should be monitored, especially in patients with renal insufficiency.
Toxicity	– Relatively nontoxic; adverse effects include dizziness, diplopia, headache, tachycardia, and blurred vision.<br>- Supportive therapy is sufficient to manage pralidoxime toxicity.
Storage Conditions	Store at room temperature, protect from light and moisture.

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