Chemical Additives

Product Overview

Phenylbutazone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the pyrazolone class, primarily used as an analgesic and antipyretic in veterinary medicine. Its use in human medicine has been restricted due to potential adverse effects.

Basic Physicochemical Properties

Property	Specification	Test Method
Chemical Name	4-Butyl-1.2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3.5-dione	IUPAC nomenclature
Molecular Formula	C₁₉H₂₀N₂O₂	Elemental analysis
Molecular Weight	308.37 g/mol	Mass spectrometry
Appearance	White or yellowish crystalline powder	Visual inspection
Melting Point	104-107°C	USP <741>
Solubility	Practically insoluble in water (0.04 mg/mL), soluble in ethanol	USP <911>

Pharmacological Profile

Parameter	Value/Description	Reference Standard
Mechanism	Non-selective COX inhibitor	FDA veterinary guidelines
Bioavailability	98% (oral)	Animal studies
Protein Binding	98%	In vitro studies
Half-life	Species dependent: 3-6 hours (dogs), 24-48 hours (horses)	Veterinary PK data
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP450)	EMA assessment

Veterinary Applications & Dosage

Species	Indication	Dosage Regimen	Treatment Duration
Horses	Musculoskeletal inflammation	2.2-4.4 mg/kg IV or PO q12h	Max 5 days
Dogs	Pain management	15-20 mg/kg PO q24h	Max 7 days
Cattle	Anti-inflammatory	4-8 mg/kg IV single dose	One-time only

Safety & Regulatory Status

Parameter	Specification
Human use status	Banned in most countries (risk of aplastic anemia)
Veterinary restrictions	Not for food-producing animals in many jurisdictions
Withdrawal period	18 months (horses intended for human consumption)
Major adverse effects	GI ulcers, renal toxicity, blood dyscrasias
Pregnancy category	Contraindicated in late pregnancy

Storage & Handling

Parameter	Requirement
Storage conditions	15-30°C in tightly closed container
Shelf life	36 months from manufacture
Light sensitivity	Protect from light
Packaging	1kg foil-lined bags or 25kg fiber drums
Disposal	Incineration or hazardous waste facility

Important Notes

Strictly for veterinary use under professional supervision

Never administer to animals intended for human consumption

Monitor for signs of toxicity (melena, pale mucous membranes)

Alternative NSAIDs preferred for chronic conditions

Always use lowest effective dose for shortest duration

Phenylbutazone is a drug that acts on the central nervous system and belongs to pyrazolone derivatives. It has weak antipyretic and analgesic effects and strong anti-inflammatory effects. It has good effects on inflammatory pain and can promote the excretion of uric acid.

Phenylbutazone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been used in both human and veterinary medicine. Below is an overview of Phenylbutazone:

1. Definition and Classification

– Phenylbutazone belongs to the class of drugs known as pyrazolones, which are NSAIDs.

– It was initially developed for human use but is now more commonly employed in veterinary settings due to its potential side effects in humans.

2. Mechanism of Action

– Phenylbutazone inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing the production of prostaglandins that cause inflammation, pain, and fever.

– This mechanism makes it effective for treating inflammatory conditions and alleviating associated discomfort.

3. Uses

– Veterinary Medicine: Widely used in horses and other large animals to manage conditions like arthritis, laminitis, and soft tissue inflammations.

– Human Medicine (Historical): Previously prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis and gout; however, its use has declined due to safety concerns.

4. Dosage and Administration

– The dosage varies depending on the species, weight, and condition being treated.

– In horses, it is typically administered orally or intravenously under veterinary supervision.

5. Side Effects and Risks

– Gastrointestinal Issues: Can cause ulcers, bleeding, and perforation due to its effect on stomach lining.

– Hematological Concerns: Associated with bone marrow suppression, leading to conditions such as aplastic anemia and leukopenia.

– Renal and Hepatic Toxicity: Prolonged use may damage kidneys and liver.

– Due to these risks, careful monitoring is essential when administering Phenylbutazone.

6. Contraindication

– Should not be used in patients with hypersensitivity to Phenylbutazone or other NSAIDs.

– Contraindicated in cases of gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding disorders, severe liver or kidney disease, and during pregnancy or lactation unless deemed necessary by a veterinarian.

7. Interactions

– Phenylbutazone can interact with other medications, including anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding.

– Concurrent use with other NSAIDs should be avoided to prevent additive toxic effects.

8. Regulatory Status

– In many countries, Phenylbutazone is strictly regulated for use in food-producing animals due to residue concerns.

– For racehorses, its use is controlled to ensure fair competition and animal welfare.

In summary, Phenylbutazone remains a valuable tool in veterinary practice despite its limitations. Its potent anti-inflammatory properties must be balanced against its significant risks through proper administration and monitoring.

,Disclaimer: The above content is for reference and communication only among industry insiders, and does not guarantee its accuracy or completeness. According to relevant laws and regulations and the regulations of this website, units or individuals who purchase related items should obtain valid qualifications and qualification conditions.

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