Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

CAS NO.: 2353-33-5

Molecular formula: C8H12N4O4

Molecular weight: 228.20

Standard: enterprise standard

Content: ≥99% Packaging: 5kg/TIN

Decitabine: A Brief Introduction

Decitabine, also called 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, is a significant nucleoside analog in oncology. It works by inhibiting DNA methyltransferases, which is crucial for modifying the epigenetic state of cells.

Mechanism of Action

Action	Details
Incorporation into DNA	Phosphorylated intracellularly to an active form, then incorporated into DNA during replication.
Inhibition of DNMTs	Forms a covalent complex with DNA methyltransferases, inactivating them and leading to DNA demethylation.
Gene Reactivation	Demethylation reactivates genes silenced by hypermethylation, regulating cell functions often disrupted in cancer.

Clinical Applications

It’s mainly used for hematological malignancies like Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). In MDS, it can improve patient conditions. In AML, especially for patients not suitable for intensive chemo, it may induce remission. Research on its use in solid tumors is ongoing.

Adverse Effects

Commonly, it causes myelosuppression (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia), gastrointestinal problems (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), and may lead to liver function abnormalities and infusion – related reactions. Overall, decitabine plays an important role in treating specific cancers, though careful monitoring is needed due to its side effects.

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