Cerium
Pharmaceutical Materials 2025-03-02
Symbol: Ce
Atomic Number: 58
Atomic Weight: 140.115
Appearance: Silvery-gray metal
Melting Point: 798°C
Boiling Point: 3443°C
Density: 6.770 g/cm³
Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f^1 5d^1 6s^2
Usage: Widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, and specialty glasses.
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Cerium |
| Symbol | Ce |
| Atomic Number | 58 |
| Atomic Weight | 140.116 u |
| Electronic Configuration | [Xe] 4f^1 5d^1 6s^2 |
| Discovery | Discovered in 1803 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Wilhelm Hisinger |
| Appearance | Silvery-gray, soft metal |
| Density | 6.67 g/cm³ at 25°C |
| Melting Point | 798°C |
| Boiling Point | 3443°C |
| Group in Periodic Table | Lanthanides, Group IIIB |
| Period in Periodic Table | 6 |
| Chemical Properties | Reactive, easily oxidized; forms a protective oxide layer in air; dissolves in acids, but not in bases |
| Applications | Used in catalysts for automotive exhaust systems, as additives in alloys to improve corrosion resistance and wear resistance, in the production of magnetic materials for wind turbines and solar panels, as stabilizers and pigments in glass and ceramics, in the manufacturing of electronic devices such as LCDs, and in nuclear medicine for PET scans |
| Occurrence in Nature | Found in rare earth minerals such as bastnäsite and monazite; relatively abundant among rare earth elements, with a crustal abundance of about 2.8 × 10^-4% |
| Safety Precautions | Cerium and its compounds should be handled with care as they may be toxic and irritant. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Store in a cool, dry place, away from heat, sparks, and incompatible materials. Follow local regulations for the safe handling and disposal of hazardous chemicals. |
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