Alkaline Phosphatase
Pharmaceutical Materials 2025-03-02
CAS Number: 9001-78-9
Molecular Formula: Varies (commonly found as a dimer of 65 kDa subunits)
Enzyme Class: Hydrolase, specifically acting on phosphoric monoester bonds
Optimal pH: 9.5-10.5
Occurrence: Widely distributed in tissues such as liver, bone, intestine, kidney, and placenta.
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) |
| Synonyms | Alkaline phosphatase, ALP, Alkaline phosphoesterase, EC 3.1.3.1 |
| CAS Number | 9001-78-9 (Native Bovine Alkaline Phosphatase) |
| Molecular Formula | Varies (typically a glycoprotein with Zn²⁺ ion) |
| Molecular Weight | Varies (typically around 496.56 g/mol for specific isoforms) |
| Appearance | White, low-viscosity powder or suspension |
| Enzymatic Activity | Catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters at alkaline pH values (pH 9-10) |
| Tissue Distribution | Widely distributed in liver, bone, intestine, kidney, and placenta |
| Physiological Roles | – Involved in bone mineralization and calcium/phosphate metabolism – Participates in bile formation and secretion in the liver – Aids in nutrient absorption in the intestine – Involved in placental function and fetal development |
| Clinical Significance | – Used as a biomarker for liver and bone diseases – Elevated levels may indicate bone growth (e.g., in children, pregnancy), bone turnover (e.g., in osteoporosis), or liver damage |
| Stability | Sensitive to temperature, pH, and protein-denaturing agents; store at 2-8°C in a closed, cool, dry place |
| Applications | – Used in molecular biology and enzymatic immunoassay – As a marker enzyme in immunohistochemistry and histochemical staining – In diagnostic tests to assess liver and bone health |
