Acrylonitrile (CAS No. 107-13-1) 

1. Basic Information

• Chemical Name: Acrylonitrile
• Synonyms: AN; Vinyl cyanide; Cyanoethylene; Propenenitrile
• CAS Number: 107-13-1
• Molecular Formula: C₃H₃N
• Molecular Weight: 53.06 g/mol
• Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
• Odor: Pungent, onion-like odor
• Odor Threshold: ~1.1–3.6 ppm

2. Physical and Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: −83 °C (−117 °F)
• Boiling Point: 77 °C (171 °F)
• Density: 0.81 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)
• Solubility:
  • Water: 7.3 g/100 mL (20 °C)
  • Organic solvents: Miscible with acetone, benzene, ethanol
• Vapor Pressure: 100 mmHg at 22.8 °C
• Flash Point: −1 °C (30 °F) (closed cup) – Highly Flammable
• Explosive Limits: 3.0–17% (in air)
• Refractive Index: 1.388 (20 °C)

3. Chemical Structure

     H  
     |  
H₂C=C-C≡N

4. Hazards (GHS Classification)

• Flammability: Highly flammable liquid and vapor (H225)
• Health Hazards:
  • Acute Toxicity: Fatal if inhaled/swallowed or in contact with skin (H300, H310, H330)
  • Carcinogenicity: Suspected of causing cancer (H351)
  • Skin/Eye: Causes severe burns (H314)
  • Sensitization: May cause allergic skin reaction (H317)
• Environmental Hazards: Very toxic to aquatic life (H400)
• NFPA Rating: Health 4, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2

5. Storage and Handling

• Storage: Store in airtight containers in cool, well-ventilated areas away from heat/ignition sources. Use explosion-proof equipment.
• Handling: Strictly use PPE (chemical-resistant gloves, face shield, respirator) and work under fume hood. Avoid static discharge.

6. Applications

• Plastics: Key monomer for acrylic fibers (e.g., ABS, SAN plastics).
• Rubber: Nitrile rubber (NBR) production.
• Chemical Intermediates: Synthesis of adiponitrile (nylon precursor).

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