ACRYLAMIDE
Paint chemicals 2025-03-21
Acrylamide aqueous solution is manufactured by utilizing the acrylonitrile hydration reaction process, and its quality is extremely stable and excellent. Its polymers and co-polymers are widely used in paper chemicals, coagulants, adhesives, petroleum engineering, agricultural engineering, civil engineering and construction, and leather and metal coating processing.
Acrylamide: Overview and Key Properties
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Acrylamide (2-Propenamide) |
| Molecular Formula | C₃H₅NO |
| CAS Number | 79-06-1 |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | 84–86°C (183–187°F) |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes at 175°C (347°F) |
| Density | 1.122 g/cm³ (30°C) |
| Solubility | Highly soluble in water (2.04 kg/L at 30°C), ethanol, acetone |
| Flash Point | 138°C (280°F) |
Production Methods
| Method | Process Description |
|---|---|
| Catalytic Hydration | Acrylonitrile + Water (copper catalyst) |
| Enzymatic Process | Nitrile hydratase enzyme (lower energy) |
| Electrochemical | Emerging green synthesis method |
Applications
| Industry | Uses |
|---|---|
| Water Treatment | Flocculant in wastewater purification |
| Paper Manufacturing | Retention aid, strength enhancer |
| Petroleum | Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) |
| Laboratory | Gel electrophoresis (polyacrylamide gels) |
| Adhesives | Component in industrial glues |
Safety & Toxicity
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| OSHA PEL | 0.03 mg/m³ (skin exposure) |
| IARC Classification | Group 2A (probable carcinogen) |
| Health Risks | Neurotoxic, reproductive toxin |
| Handling | Use PPE (gloves, respirator); store in cool, dry place |
Comparison with Similar Monomers
| Monomer | Acrylamide vs. Alternatives |
|---|---|
| Methacrylamide | Less reactive, higher thermal stability |
| N-Methylacrylamide | Lower toxicity, more expensive |
| Acrylic Acid | Different functionality (carboxyl vs. amide) |
Environmental & Regulatory Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Biodegradability | Readily biodegradable (aerobic) |
| LD50 (Oral, Rat) | 150–180 mg/kg |
| EU Restrictions | REACH registered; food contact regulated |
Market Information
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Global Demand | ~500.000 tons/year |
| Price Range | $1.500–2.500/ton |
| Major Producers | BASF, SNF Group, Mitsui Chemicals |
Key Advantages and Limitations
| Advantages | Limitations |
|---|---|
| Excellent water solubility | High toxicity concerns |
| Forms strong polymers | Thermal instability |
| Cost-effective production | Strict handling requirements |
Summary
Acrylamide is a vital industrial monomer for polyacrylamide production, widely used in water treatment and petroleum industries. Despite its toxicity, its unique properties make it irreplaceable for many applications. Ongoing research focuses on safer handling protocols and enzymatic production methods to mitigate health risks.
