Acetoin
Pharmaceutical Materials 2025-03-02
CAS Number: 513-86-0 (or 53584-56-8, depending on sources)
Molecular Formula: C4H8O2
Molecular Weight: 88.11 g/mol
Appearance: Exists as a white crystalline powder (dimer) or a colorless to pale yellow liquid (monomer)
Boiling Point: 148°C (or 143.6°C to 145.4°C, depending on sources)
Usage: Commonly used as a food additive and fragrance ingredient.
| Attribute | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Acetoin |
| Synonyms | 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone, Acetylmethyl carbinol, β-Hydroxybutyrone |
| CAS Number | 513-86-0 |
| Formula | C4H8O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 88.11 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid or crystalline solid (may exist as a crystalline dimer) |
| Odor | Characteristic, creamy or buttery |
| Density | Slightly less than water (approx. 1.013 g/mL at 25°C) |
| Melting Point | 15°C (monomer), higher for dimer |
| Boiling Point | 148°C (at 760 mmHg) |
| Flash Point | Approximately 41.1°C |
| Solubility | Miscible with water; soluble in ethanol; slightly soluble in ether and petroleum ether |
| Chemical Properties | Volatile; forms a white crystalline dimer in the presence of light and moisture; readily oxidized to diacetyl |
| Applications | Widely used as a flavor and fragrance compound in foods, beverages, cosmetics, detergents, and tobacco products; also used in chemical synthesis and as a plant growth promoter |
| Natural Occurrence | Naturally present in buttery foods such as beer, butter, and cheese |
| Hazard Information | May be irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system; flammable; keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames; store under controlled conditions (2-8°C, with argon) |
| Handling Precautions | Wear appropriate personal protective equipment; avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing; use in a well-ventilated area; follow safety instructions for handling flammable liquids and chemicals |
| Safety Symbols | F (Flammable), Xi (Irritant) |
| Risk Phrases | R10: Flammable; R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin |
| Safety Phrases | S16: Keep away from sources of ignition – No smoking; S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice; S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection |
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