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Additives are substances added to products to improve their quality, appearance, taste, or functions. They play a crucial role in various industries, enhancing characteristics such as color, texture, shelf life, and performance. Here are five key types of additives and their applications:

Antioxidants

Antioxidants prevent oxidation in foods and materials, extending shelf life and stability. Commonly used in processed foods, they neutralize free radicals to avoid spoilage. Examples include vitamin C, vitamin E, and synthetic antioxidants like BHA and BHT.

Stabilizers

Stabilizers help maintain a product’s texture and consistency. In food, they prevent separation in emulsions like sauces or ice cream. Stabilizers are also vital in plastics and cosmetics to ensure uniform performance under varying conditions.

Plasticizers

Plasticizers increase flexibility and workability in materials like plastics. They are essential in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, making them softer and more durable. Applications range from medical tubing to vinyl flooring.

Flame Retardants

Flame retardants reduce flammability in materials such as plastics, textiles, and coatings. They enhance safety in electronics and construction by inhibiting fire spread. While traditionally halogen-based, there’s a growing shift to eco-friendly alternatives.

Lubricants

Lubricants reduce friction between surfaces, improving efficiency and lifespan in machinery. They are used in engines, bearings, and industrial equipment. Advanced lubricants, often formulated with synthetic oils, offer superior performance under extreme conditions.