News

Intravenous (IV) fluids often contain multiple electrolytes to correct imbalances and support bodily functions. Common electrolytes in IV solutions include:

Sodium (Na⁺)

Role: Maintains extracellular fluid balance, nerve and muscle function, and acid-base equilibrium.

Example: Sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions (e.g., 0.9% normal saline).

Potassium (K⁺)

Role: Essential for cell metabolism, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.

Example: Potassium chloride (KCl) injections, often added to IV fluids for patients with low potassium levels.

Chloride (Cl⁻)

Role: Works with sodium to maintain fluid balance and acid-base balance.

Example: Part of sodium chloride solutions and lactate-based IV fluids.

Calcium (Ca²⁺)

Role: Vital for bone health, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and blood clotting.

Example: Calcium gluconate or chloride injections for calcium deficiencies.

Magnesium (Mg²⁺)

Role: Supports enzyme function, nerve and muscle activity, and bone health.

Example: Magnesium sulfate injections, often used in prenatal care to prevent seizures.

Phosphate (PO₄³⁻)

Role: Involved in energy metabolism, bone formation, and cellular signaling.

Example: Added to IV solutions for patients with phosphate deficiencies.

Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)

Role: Regulates acid-base balance in the blood.

Example: Sodium bicarbonate injections to correct metabolic acidosis.

These electrolytes are carefully balanced in IV solutions to match the patient’s needs, ensuring proper hydration, cellular function, and acid-base balance.