Inorganic salts
Definition & Composition
Inorganic Salts are ionic compounds composed of:
Cation: Metal (e.g., Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺) or ammonium (NH₄⁺)
Anion: Nonmetal (e.g., Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻) or polyatomic ion (e...
Category：Inorganic Chemicals
Introduction
Definition & Composition
Inorganic Salts are ionic compounds composed of:
- Cation: Metal (e.g., Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺) or ammonium (NH₄⁺)
- Anion: Nonmetal (e.g., Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻) or polyatomic ion (e.g., CO₃²⁻, PO₄³⁻)
Key Feature:
- High melting/boiling points, water-soluble, and electrically conductive in solution.
Classification & Examples
| Category | Example Salts | Chemical Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Chlorides | Sodium chloride | NaCl |
| Sulfates | Magnesium sulfate | MgSO₄ |
| Nitrates | Potassium nitrate | KNO₃ |
| Carbonates | Calcium carbonate | CaCO₃ |
| Phosphates | Trisodium phosphate | Na₃PO₄ |
Key Properties
| Property | Typical Range | Measurement Method |
|---|---|---|
| Solubility | 0.1 g/L (AgCl) to 359 g/L (NaCl) | Gravimetric analysis |
| Melting Point | 801°C (NaCl) to 1600°C (CaCO₃) | Differential Scanning Calorimetry |
| pH in Solution | Acidic (AlCl₃) to alkaline (Na₂CO₃) | pH meter |
Applications
| Industry | Function | Example Use |
|---|---|---|
| Agriculture | Fertilizers, soil conditioners | KNO₃ (potassium nitrate) |
| Water Treatment | Coagulants, pH adjusters | Al₂(SO₄)₃ (alum) |
| Food & Pharma | Preservatives, electrolytes | NaCl (table salt), MgSO₄ (Epsom salt) |
| Construction | Cement additives, fire retardants | CaCO₃ (limestone) |
Factory & Shipment
