Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Molecular Formula: C52H98N16O13

Molecular Weight: 1155.43

CAS No.: 1264-72-8 It is a narrow spectrum bactericide. It has strong antibacterial effect on Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Pasteurella, Shigella, Brucella, Vibrio and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Description:White or near white powder, odorless, bitter and hygroscopic, easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol and ethanol, almost insoluble in acetone, ether, etc., and slightly soluble in water.

Application:It is mainly used to treat intestinal infection caused by gram-negative bacilli (E.coli, etc.), and it is also effective for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (sepsis, urinary tract infection, burn or wound infection).

Packing and Storage:Preserve in tight containers.

Colistin Sulfate: A Veterinary Antibiotic

Colistin Sulfate is an important antibiotic in veterinary medicine, used to combat various bacterial infections in animals.

1. General Information

Aspect	Details
Classification	Polymyxin antibiotic
Source	Produced by Bacillus polymyxa
Formulation	Available as powders, premixes for feed, soluble powders for drinking water, and injectable solutions
Solubility	Soluble in water, which is beneficial for its administration through different routes in animals

2. Mechanism of Action

Action	Explanation
Membrane Disruption	Colistin Sulfate binds to the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer membrane of Gram – negative bacteria. This binding disrupts the integrity of the outer membrane, leading to increased permeability. It further inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane, causing leakage of intracellular components such as potassium ions. As a result, the normal physiological functions of the bacteria are severely disrupted, leading to cell death.
Selective Activity	It has a strong antibacterial effect mainly against Gram – negative bacteria. The unique structure of the LPS in Gram – negative bacteria allows for specific binding of colistin sulfate, enabling its antibacterial action.

3. Clinical Applications and Considerations

Category	Details
Applications	– Treating gastrointestinal infections in livestock and poultry caused by Gram – negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. In poultry, it can help control colibacillosis. In pigs, it is used to manage diarrhea caused by pathogenic E. coli. – Sometimes used to treat respiratory tract infections in animals when Gram – negative bacteria are the causative agents. – Employed in aquaculture to control bacterial diseases in fish, shrimp, and other aquatic organisms, for example, against Aeromonas hydrophila in fish.
Considerations	– Overuse can contribute to the development of antibiotic – resistant bacteria, especially the emergence of colistin – resistant Gram – negative bacteria. Strict compliance with veterinary – recommended dosage and treatment duration is essential. – High doses or long – term use may cause nephrotoxicity in some animals, manifested as kidney damage and abnormal urine parameters. Monitoring of renal function during treatment may be necessary. – Caution is needed when using it in combination with other drugs, as there may be potential drug – drug interactions. For instance, co – administration with other nephrotoxic drugs may increase the risk of kidney damage.

Colistin Sulfate plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of livestock, poultry, and aquatic animals in veterinary and aquaculture practices.

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