Ceftiofur Hydrochloride CAS 103980-44-5
Ceftiofur hydrochloride is a third-generation cephalosporin for animals. It is mainly used to treat infectious diseases caused by sensitive bacteria in pigs, cattle, horses, dogs and day-old chicks...
Category：Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Introduction
Ceftiofur hydrochloride is a third-generation cephalosporin for animals. It is mainly used to treat infectious diseases caused by sensitive bacteria in pigs, cattle, horses, dogs and day-old chicks.
Molecular Formula:C19H18ClN5O7S3
Molecular Weight: 560.023
CAS No.: 103980-44-5
Description
Ceftiofur Hydrochloride is white or pale white crystalline powder, it’s soluble in methanol and sodium hydroxide solution, slightly soluble in water, and slightly soluble in ethanol.
Application
Ceftiofur hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin, it’s a semi-synthetic antibiotic. Ceftiofur hydrochloride has antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria in livestock.
Ceftiofur hydrochloride is suitable for the treatment of bovine respiratory diseases (transport fever and pneumonia) caused by Pasteurella haemolyticus, Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus lethargicus. It can be used in lactation and non lactation periods. Ceftiofur hydrochloride can be used to control cattle foot rot. For pigs, it can be used to control / treat bacterial pneumonia.
Packing
10kgs / tin
Storage：
Be kept airtight, dry and in cool place.
Shelf Life :
24 months from date of production when stored in good condition.
Minimum Order
50kgs
Ceftiofur Hydrochloride Introduction
| Item | Details |
| Generic Name | Ceftiofur Hydrochloride |
| CAS Number | 103980 – 44 – 5 |
| Trade Names | Excenel, etc. |
| Classification | Third – generation cephalosporin antibiotic |
| Chemical Structure | It has a beta – lactam ring structure typical of cephalosporins. The chemical formula is C₁₉H₁₇N₅O₇S₃·HCl, with a molecular weight of 560.03. The structure allows it to bind to penicillin – binding proteins (PBPs) in bacteria, interfering with cell wall synthesis. The hydrochloride salt form is used to enhance its solubility and stability in pharmaceutical formulations. |
| Pharmacological Action | Ceftiofur hydrochloride works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. It binds to specific PBPs in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, preventing the cross – linking of peptidoglycan chains. This leads to weakened cell walls, making the bacteria more vulnerable to osmotic pressure, ultimately resulting in cell lysis and death. It has a broad – spectrum antibacterial activity, being effective against both Gram – positive and Gram – negative bacteria. It is also relatively stable against many beta – lactamases, which are enzymes produced by bacteria that can inactivate other beta – lactam antibiotics. |
| Clinical Applications | 1. Veterinary Medicine: – In cattle, it is used to treat respiratory tract infections such as bovine respiratory disease complex, which may be caused by Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni. – In swine, it can be used to treat swine respiratory disease syndrome, often associated with pathogens like Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, and Streptococcus suis. – For poultry, it is effective against respiratory and systemic infections caused by Escherichia coli and Pasteurella multocida. 2. Human Medicine (less common): Although mainly used in veterinary medicine, in some cases, it may be considered for human patients with infections caused by bacteria resistant to other more commonly used antibiotics, especially in situations where other treatment options are limited. |
| Dosage and Administration | Veterinary Use: – Cattle: Usually administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. The typical dose is 1 – 2.2 mg/kg body weight, and the dosing interval may vary depending on the type of infection, but it is often given once a day for 3 – 5 days. – Swine: The dose is also based on body weight, typically 2.2 – 4.4 mg/kg, administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, and the treatment may last for 3 – 5 days. – Poultry: Can be given by intramuscular injection or in some cases, as a water – soluble formulation in the drinking water. The dose is adjusted according to the species and the severity of the infection. In veterinary use, it is important to follow proper injection techniques to avoid tissue damage and ensure effective drug delivery. Human Use (if applicable): The dosage would be determined by a healthcare provider based on the type and severity of the infection, patient’s age, weight, and renal function. Administration would likely be by intravenous or intramuscular injection, following strict medical guidelines. |
| Adverse Reactions | 1. Local Reactions: At the injection site in animals, swelling, pain, and tissue irritation may occur. These reactions are usually mild to moderate and resolve over time. 2. Allergic Reactions: Although rare, allergic reactions can occur in both animals and potentially in humans. Symptoms may include rashes, itching, difficulty breathing, and in severe cases, anaphylactic shock. 3. Gastrointestinal Effects: In some animals, especially when given at high doses or for an extended period, it may cause diarrhea, vomiting, or changes in appetite. 4. Resistance Development: Prolonged or inappropriate use can lead to the development of antibiotic – resistant bacteria. This is a concern not only for the treated animals but also for the potential spread of resistant strains to humans and the environment. |
| Drug Interactions | 1. With Other Antibiotics: When used in combination with other antibiotics, there can be both synergistic and antagonistic effects. For example, in some cases, combining it with aminoglycosides may result in a synergistic antibacterial effect against certain bacteria. However, it is important to consider potential increased toxicity, such as nephrotoxicity when used with other nephrotoxic drugs. 2. With Probenecid: Similar to other cephalosporins, co – administration with probenecid can increase the plasma concentration of ceftiofur hydrochloride by inhibiting its renal excretion. This may enhance the antibacterial effect but also increase the risk of side effects. 3. With Drugs Affecting the Immune System: In animals, drugs that suppress the immune system may interact with ceftiofur hydrochloride, potentially reducing the effectiveness of the antibiotic or increasing the risk of adverse effects. |
| Special Population Considerations | 1. Pregnant and Lactating Animals: Use in pregnant and lactating animals should be carefully considered. Although there is limited evidence of teratogenic effects, the drug may cross the placenta and be excreted in milk. In some cases, the benefits of treatment may outweigh the risks, but close monitoring is recommended. 2. Young and Elderly Animals: Young animals may be more sensitive to the drug’s effects, and dosing may need to be adjusted based on their immature physiological systems. Elderly animals may also require special consideration, especially if they have underlying health conditions that could affect drug metabolism and excretion. 3. Patients with Renal or Hepatic Impairment: In both animals and humans, patients with significant renal or hepatic impairment may require dosage adjustment, as the drug is mainly excreted by the kidneys and metabolized by the liver. Monitoring of renal and hepatic function is important during treatment. |
| History and Development | Ceftiofur hydrochloride was developed in the 1980s as a broad – spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic specifically for veterinary use. Its development was aimed at providing effective treatment for common bacterial infections in livestock and poultry, which are important for the agricultural industry. Over the years, it has become a widely used antibiotic in veterinary medicine, but concerns about antibiotic resistance have led to more careful and responsible use guidelines. |
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